molecular orbitals
"The atomic orbitals also have characteristic shapes. For example a s orbital is spherically symmetrical, and a p orbital has two areas with a nodal plane between them. Molecular orbitals are like atomic orbitals, but spread throughout the entire molecule. Molecular orbitals are formed through a process of combining atomic orbitals. A molecular orbital with cylindrical symmetry around the internuclear axis is called a sigma orbital (because it looks like a s orbital when viewed along the axis and it has zero angular momentum around the internuclear axis)."
"You are aware that molecular orbitals are like waves in that they have amplitudes. And these amplitudes may be positive or negative. If two orbitals are positioned in space in such a way that a positive part of one overlaps a positive part of another, the result will be that they will combine constructively to produce an orbital that is bigger and positive in that region of space."
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