amyloid plaques
"To send messages to their neighbours (and on to the rest of the body), neurons use chemical transmitters that cross the gaps between cells. Here, amyloid plaques are like a traffic jam, blocking cell signalling. Connections between cells are lost - first in the hippocampus, the region in the brain for memory and learning. Neurons die and the affected brain tissue shrinks."
Their idea was that the brain was producing amyloid for much the same reason an oyster forms a pearl - for self-defense. "Maybe amyloid plaques are a brain pearl," Moir says, "a way for our body to trap and permanently sequester these invading pathogens."
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