"A trophic cascade is like a domino effect from the "bottom up" or "top down" that disrupts food web structure by altering competition and predation, and ultimately food source availability and survival. Many factors influence algae abundance in Lake Baikal, especially warming waters and nutrient enrichment. For instance, they are affected by the length of "ice on" season, because during this critical time frame when the ice is transparent, diatoms attach themselves to the bottom of the ice and photosynthesize."